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| 潤(rùn)滑油品常用技術(shù)術(shù)語中英文對(duì)照 |
Acid Number(AN) Milligrams of KOH required in tests to neutralize all the acidic constituents present in a l g sample of a petroleum product. Also formally called the Neutralization Number, this property is often used to indicate the extent of contamination or oxidation of used oils. 酸值(AN) 也稱中和值，指中和1克油品試樣中所有酸性物質(zhì)所需氫氧化鉀的毫克數(shù)。該性能指標(biāo)通常用于表小已用過的油被污染和被氧化的程度。
Additive Any material that is incorporated into a product at relatively low concentration to impart new properties or enhance existing properties. 添加劑 以相對(duì)較低的濃度加入某一產(chǎn)品中，從而賦予該產(chǎn)品某種新的性能，或者增強(qiáng)其現(xiàn)有性能的任何材料．均稱為添加劑。
Aniline point the minimum temperature for complete miscibility of equal volumes of aniline and the sample under test．Products containing aromatics or naphthenes have lower aniline points than products containing paraffins. 苯胺點(diǎn) 指相同體積的苯胺與試樣達(dá)到完全混溶所需的最低溫度。含有芳烴和環(huán)烷烴的產(chǎn)品比含有石蠟的產(chǎn)品的苯胺點(diǎn)相對(duì)要低。
Antiwear(AW)Agent Additive that is active in preventing damage caused by occurrence of solid phase welding between sliding surfaces without local surface melting. 抗磨(AW)添加劑 相互滑動(dòng)的表面因發(fā)生相互摩擦?xí)斐蓳p壞?？鼓ヌ砑觿┚褪悄苡行Х乐惯@類磨損，同時(shí)又不會(huì)令發(fā)生滑動(dòng)的表面熔化的添加劑。
API Service Classification -A system of letter designations agreed On by API,SAE and ASTM to define broad classes of engine service. Also a system of service classifications for automotive gear lubricants． API適用級(jí)別分類 由API、SAE和ASTM共同商定并使用的一套英文字母代號(hào)，用以確定發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)油的主要適用級(jí)別，以及汽車變速箱潤(rùn)滑油的適用級(jí)別。
Aromatic A hydrocarbon derived from，or characterized by the presence of the benzene ring。 芳烴 由苯環(huán)衍生出的、或因含有苯環(huán)而具有其特性的烴化物。
Bactericide Chemical compound which has the property of killing bacteria. 殺菌劑 具有殺死細(xì)菌作用的化合物。
Base Number (BN) Quantity of hydrochloric(ASTM D974)or perchloric(ASTM D 2896)acid expressed in milligrams of KOH equivalent that is required to neutralize all the basic constituents of a l g sample of a petroleum product. This property is used to indicate the capacity of an oil to counter the corrosive effects of acidic products of combustion. 堿值(BN) 中和存在于l克油品試樣中全部堿組分所需要的鹽酸(ASTM D974)或高氯酸(ASTM D2896)的數(shù)量．以相當(dāng)?shù)臍溲趸浐量藬?shù)表示。該性能用于表示油品抵抗酸性燃燒產(chǎn)物腐蝕作用的能力。
Bright Stock Refined．High viscosity lubricating oil usually made from residual stocks by suitable treatment，such as a combination of acid treatment or solvent extraction with dewaxing or clay finishing． 光亮油 通常由渣油經(jīng)加工處理而制成的精煉、高粘度潤(rùn)滑油。加工處理的方式包括：酸處理(或溶劑萃取)與脫蠟(或粘土精制)相結(jié)合。
Carbon Residue Standardized test which measures the amount of carbon left behind after pyrolysis under standard conditions 殘?zhí)?nbsp; 用于在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)條件下，測(cè)定油品裂解后剩余碳量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測(cè)試方法。
Cleveland Open Cup(coc)Tester Apparatus used to detemine the flash and fire points of most petroleum products with flash points above 79℃． 克利夫蘭開口杯(coc)測(cè)定器 用于測(cè)定閃點(diǎn)高于79℃的大多數(shù)油品閃點(diǎn)和燃點(diǎn)的裝置。
Cloud point Temperature at which a noticeable cloud of crystals or other solid material appears when a sample is cooled under prescribed conditions 濁點(diǎn) 在規(guī)定條件下，當(dāng)油樣冷卻至產(chǎn)生明顯霧狀時(shí)的溫度。(產(chǎn)生霧狀是由于有晶體形成或其他固態(tài)物質(zhì)生成)
Complex Grease A lubricating grease thickened by a complex soap consisting of a normal soap and a complexing agent. The use of soap complexes gives products which have higher dropping points than similar lubricants made from normal soaps. 復(fù)合潤(rùn)滑脂 指用復(fù)合皂(即由普通皂與復(fù)合劑組成)進(jìn)行稠化制成的潤(rùn)滑脂。使用復(fù)合皂制成的潤(rùn)滑脂與使用普通皂制成的同類潤(rùn)滑脂相比，具有更高的滴點(diǎn)。
Defoamants (Foam Inhibitor) Additive used in lubricating oils to assist the collapse of surface layers of foam caused by agitation of the release of entrained or entrapped air． 抗泡添加劑(泡沫抑制劑) 加入到油品中、并令其產(chǎn)生的氣泡表層破裂的添加劑。(潤(rùn)滑油內(nèi)部氣泡的形成，或由于攪拌、或由于其本身所夾帶或滯留的空氣被釋放出來。)
Demulsibility Property of a lubricant to separate from water． 抗乳化性 指潤(rùn)滑油與水分離的能力。
Density The mass of liquid per unit of volume of substance at l5℃, 密度 在15℃的溫度條件下，單位體積的某種物質(zhì)所具有的液體質(zhì)量。
Detergency Property of a lubricating oil to reduce or prevent deposits formed under high temperature conditions or as a result of the action on the oil of acidic contaminants. 清凈性 指潤(rùn)滑油在高溫條件下或在酸性污染物作用下，阻止或減少生成沉淀的能力。
Dielectric Strength A measure of the insulating value of an electrical insulating medium. The value depends to some extent on the test method used 絕緣強(qiáng)度 指對(duì)一種電絕緣介質(zhì)絕緣能力的量度。該數(shù)值在一定程度上取決于所使用的測(cè)量方法。
Dispersancy Property of an oil to disperse and suspend potential deposit-forming materials so that They can be removed from the system when the oil is drained． 分散性 油品所具有的分散和懸浮可能形成沉淀的物質(zhì)、并在油品被抽出時(shí)該物質(zhì)帶出系統(tǒng)的能力。
Dropping point -The temperatuer at which the first drop of liquid separates when a grease is heated under prescribed conditions． 滴點(diǎn) 在規(guī)定條件下，將潤(rùn)滑脂加熱至第一滴液體滴下時(shí)的溫度。
Emulsion Intimate mixture of two or more materials which are immiscible or partially miscible with each other. In most emulsions，one material is aqueous and the other is an oil 乳化液 兩種或兩種以上，互相不能溶混或僅能夠部分溶混的物質(zhì)所形成的完全混合物。
Extreme Pressure(EP)Additive -Chemical compound imparting extreme pressure characteristics to a lubricant with the objective of reducing wear under conditions where rubbing or sliding accompanies high contact pressures．a(chǎn)s in heavily loaded gears，particulars of the hypoid type. 極壓(EP)添加劑 在伴隨著高接觸壓力的摩擦和滑動(dòng)的情況下(如：在重載齒輪，特別是準(zhǔn)雙曲面型齒輪中)，能夠賦予潤(rùn)滑油抗極壓性能，以達(dá)到減輕磨損目的的化合物。
Film Strength Ability of a film of lubricants to resist rupture due to load．Speed and temperature. 油膜強(qiáng)度 潤(rùn)滑油油膜抵抗因負(fù)荷、速度和溫度而造成破裂的能力。
Floc Point The lowest temperature at which vapors rising from a sample will ignite momentarily on application of a flame under specified conditions. 閃點(diǎn) 在規(guī)定條什下，油品加熱后所逸出的蒸氣與火焰接觸發(fā)生瞬間閃火時(shí)的最低溫度。
Flash Point The temperature at which a flocculent collection of wax crystals first appears when a solution of freon in oil is cooled under prescribed conditions 絮凝點(diǎn) 在規(guī)定條件下，當(dāng)把氟利昂的油溶液冷卻到第一次出現(xiàn)蠟晶體的絮凝物時(shí)的溫度。
FZG Load Stage The load which call be transmitted by a pair of gears under the conditions of test and temperature in the FZG gear machine． FZG負(fù)荷試驗(yàn) 在FZG齒輪機(jī)器的測(cè)試條件和溫度下。對(duì)齒輪能夠傳遞的負(fù)荷。
KOH Chemical symbol for the alkaline compound potassium hydroxide． KOH 氫氧化鉀堿性化合物的化學(xué)符號(hào)。
Load Carrying Capacity A quantitative term to describe the ability of a lubricant to resist film rapture and protect against wear and surface destruction under conditions of high speeds，high loads，high temperatures or combinations of these. 承載能力 描述在高速度、高負(fù)荷、高溫或這些因素同時(shí)作用的情況下，潤(rùn)滑油抵抗油膜破裂、抗磨損以及保護(hù)表面免受損壞的能力的定量參數(shù)。
Load-Wear Index An index of the ability of a lubricant to prevent wear under applied loads as determined in the Four-Ball EP Tester. 負(fù)荷 -磨損指數(shù)是衡量潤(rùn)滑油在四球極壓試驗(yàn)中所施加的負(fù)荷下所表現(xiàn)出的抗磨能力的一項(xiàng)指數(shù)。
MIL Prefix designation for U.S Military Specifications. MIL “美國(guó)軍方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”英文詞頭縮寫。
Molybdenum Disulfide Chemical compound of molybdenum and sulfur which has excellent properties as a solid lubricant due to the type of molecular structure of the particles 二硫化鉬 鉬和硫形成的化合物，由于其粒子的獨(dú)特分于結(jié)構(gòu)，因而成為性能卓越的固體潤(rùn)滑劑。
Multigrade see Multiviscosity 多級(jí)別 見“多級(jí)粘度”。
Multipurpose Grease A lubricating grease suitable for a variety of applications such as chassis， wheel bearing，universal，joints and water pumps on automotive equipment． 多用途潤(rùn)滑脂 指適合多種用途的潤(rùn)滑脂，如：車輛設(shè)備中的底盤、車輪軸承、萬向節(jié)和水泵等的潤(rùn)滑。
Multiviscosity An oil that meets the low temperature viscosity limits of the SAE W number as well as the l00℃ viscosity limits of the non-W numbers 多級(jí)粘度 既能達(dá)到SAE W前邊的數(shù)字(如：5、10或15等)的低溫粘度極限，同時(shí)又能達(dá)到SAE W后邊的數(shù)字(如：30、40或50等)100℃粘度極限的油品。
Naphthenic having the characteristics of naphthense，which are saturated hydrocarbons containing molecules with at least one closed ring of carbon atoms. 環(huán)烷烴 具有環(huán)烷特性的、至少包含一個(gè)碳原子團(tuán)鏈的飽和烴。
NLGI Classification Numbers A series of numbers used to c1assify the consistency (hardness) of grease，based on a standard ASTM cone penetration test． NLGI級(jí)數(shù) 根據(jù)ASTM針入度測(cè)試，用于劃分潤(rùn)滑脂稠度(硬度)的一系列數(shù)字。
NLGI Service Classification System A system of letter designations to define c1ass of automotive chassis and wheel bearing greases. NLGI用途分類體系 用于定義機(jī)動(dòng)車底盤和車輪軸承潤(rùn)滑脂分類的字母代號(hào)體系。
Oxidation Stability Ability of a lubricant to resist oxidation and deterioration resulting from temperatures and／or exposure to air. 氧化穩(wěn)定性 潤(rùn)滑油抵抗因高溫和／或空氣作用而氧化或變質(zhì)的能力。
Paraffinic Having the characteristics of paraffins，saturated hydrocarbons of open chain structure. 石蠟族 具有石蠟的特性、具開放式結(jié)構(gòu)的飽和烴。
Penetration Consistency, expressed as the distance that a standard needle or cone penetrates vertically into a sample of the material under prescribed conditions of loading，time and temperature. 針(錐)入度 在規(guī)定的負(fù)荷、時(shí)間和溫度等條件下，以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的針或錐垂直進(jìn)入產(chǎn)品試樣的深度來表示的稠度值。
Pour point Lowest temperature at which a liquid petroleum product will flow when it is cooled under the conditions of the standard test method． 傾點(diǎn) 在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)定方式所規(guī)定的條件下，液體石油產(chǎn)品在被降溫的過程中能維持流動(dòng)的最低溫度。
Pour Point Depressant An additive which lowers the pour point of petroleum products containing wax by reducing the tendency of the wag to collect into a solid mass． 降凝劑 通過抑制石蠟聚集成固體物質(zhì)的趨向，從而降低含有石蠟的石油產(chǎn)品之傾點(diǎn)的一種添加劑。
Rust and Oxidation(R&O) Additives used to enhance the rust mad oxidation resistance of oils and greases 銹蝕和氧化(R&O) 用于提高潤(rùn)滑油和潤(rùn)滑脂的防銹和抗氧化能力的添加劑。
SAE Grade Grade indicating the viscocity range of a crankcase，transmission of rear axle lubricant，according to the systems designed by SAE. SAE級(jí)別 按照SAE設(shè)定的體系，表明用于車輛曲軸箱、變速箱和后軸的潤(rùn)滑油粘度范圍的級(jí)別。(SAE為“美國(guó)汽車工程師協(xié)會(huì)”的英文詞頭縮寫)。
Shear Stability ability of a lubricant such as a grease or VI improved oil to withstand mechanical shearing without being degraded in consistency or viscosity. 剪切穩(wěn)定性 潤(rùn)滑產(chǎn)品(如潤(rùn)滑脂或高粘度指數(shù)油品)抵抗機(jī)械攪拌而不發(fā)生稠度或粘度降低的能力。
Soap General term for the “salt” of a fatty acid. Ordinary washing soaps are those of sodium and potassium. The soaps of lithium，sodium，calcium，barium and aluminum are the principal thickeners used in grease making. 皂基 對(duì)脂肪酸鹽的一般性稱呼。普通洗滌皂是脂肪酸的鈉鹽和鉀鹽。而鋰、鈉、鈣、鋇和鋁皂，則是生產(chǎn)潤(rùn)滑脂所用的主要稠化劑。
Solvent Neutral Oil(SNO) Base oil manufactured from solevt refined paraffinic lube distillates． 溶劑中和油(SNO) 利用石蠟油蒸餾得到的溶劑而生產(chǎn)出來的基礎(chǔ)油。
Solvent Refined A refining technique to improve the quality of based oils using selective extraction of undesirable components by means of solvents. 溶劑精制 -利用溶劑作為于段(利用溶劑方式？)，有選擇性地萃取不需要的組份，進(jìn)而提高基礎(chǔ)油質(zhì)量的一種精制工藝。
Spindle Oil Low viscosity oil intended for the lubrication of high speed spindles such as those used in textile mills. 錠子油 用于高速錠子(如紡織機(jī)械上的錠子)潤(rùn)滑的低粘度潤(rùn)滑油。
Straight Mineral -Oils which do not contain compounds or “additives” 純礦物油 不含化合物或添加劑的油品。
Satiated Ash Residue that remains after a sample of oil has been oxidized under prescribed conditions and the resulting residue reduced to constant weight by heating with sulfuric acid．Used as measure of the amount of metallo-organic additives present in new oils. In used oils the determination may be affected by the presence of incombustible contaminants such as lead alkyls, dust and wear metals. 硫酸鹽灰分 油品試樣在規(guī)定條件下經(jīng)氧化形成殘?jiān)?，并與硫酸一起加熱，直至殘?jiān)亓拷档偷胶愣ㄖ担藭r(shí)的殘?jiān)环Q為硫酸鹽灰分。硫酸鹽灰分被作為一種測(cè)定新油品中金屬有機(jī)物添加劑數(shù)量的方法。在用過的油品中，這種測(cè)定方法的精確度會(huì)由于有不燃燒污染物(如：鉛的烷基化物、灰塵以及金屬磨屑)的存在而受到影響。
Thermal Stability The property of a lubricant which indicates its ability to resist cracking and decomposition on prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures. 熱穩(wěn)定性 表明潤(rùn)滑油在長(zhǎng)期高溫環(huán)境中抵抗裂化和分解能力的指標(biāo)。
Thickener The solid particles which are unformly dispersed to form the structure of a lubricating grease in which the liquid lubricant is held. 增稠劑 指加入到潤(rùn)滑油中以形成潤(rùn)滑脂的固體顆粒物。這種固體顆粒物在潤(rùn)滑油中以未成形狀態(tài)分散，形成潤(rùn)滑脂的結(jié)構(gòu)，從而將液體潤(rùn)滑油容納進(jìn)這種結(jié)構(gòu)中。
Timken OK Lead Maximum load a lubricant will withstand without failure due to breakdown of the lubricant film．a(chǎn)s determined on the Timken EP Lubricant Tester. Timken OK負(fù)荷 在Timken EP測(cè)試儀上測(cè)定的，潤(rùn)滑油所能承受的、不會(huì)因油膜破裂而失效的最大負(fù)荷。
Typical Test Test results which are characteristics of a product，normally mean values obtained from analysis of a number of production batches of that product. 典型測(cè)試 表明一種產(chǎn)品特性的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，通常是對(duì)該產(chǎn)品的多個(gè)生產(chǎn)批次進(jìn)行化驗(yàn)分析所得到的平均值。
Viscosity Measure of the resistance to flow，or internal friction，of a fluid．Viscosity changes with temperature so the temperature at which the measurement was made must always be specified. 運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度 表明一種流體抵抗流動(dòng)或者說是內(nèi)部摩擦的能力的度量值。運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度會(huì)隨溫度變化而變化，因此，在給出運(yùn)動(dòng)粘度的數(shù)值時(shí)，通常必須注明其測(cè)試溫度。
Viscosity Index(V1) An arbitary scale to show the relative magnitude of viscosity changes with temperature. Higher VI oils have less change in viscosity with temperature. 粘度指數(shù)(Ⅵ) 表明粘度隨溫度變化相對(duì)程度的經(jīng)驗(yàn)量值。粘度指數(shù)越高的油品，其粘度隨溫度的變化量就越小。
Worked Penetration the penetration of a sample of lubricating grease immediately after it has been brought to 25℃ and Worked 60 strokes in the ASTM grease Worker． 工作錐入度 在ASTM潤(rùn)滑脂工作機(jī)上，潤(rùn)滑脂樣品在溫度達(dá)到25℃并工作60沖次后立即測(cè)得的錐入度，即為工作錐入度。 |
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